What is endocytic pathway?
The endocytic pathway of mammalian cells consists of distinct membrane compartments, which internalize molecules from the plasma membrane and recycle them back to the surface (as in early endosomes and recycling endosomes), or sort them to degradation (as in late endosomes and lysosomes).
What is the autophagy lysosome pathway?
Abstract. The autophagy lysosomal pathway (ALP) is a major mechanism for degrading intracellular macromolecules. The catabolic products can then be used by the cell for energy or as building blocks to make other macromolecules.
Where do endocytic vesicles go?
The clathrin-coated vesicles then fuse with early endosomes, in which their contents are sorted for transport to lysosomes or recycling to the plasma membrane.
What is endocytic vesicle?
Definition: A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance. Endocytic vesicles fuse with early endosomes to deliver the cargo for further sorting.
What are endocytic vesicles?
What transports calcium potassium and sodium ions across cell membranes?
The sodium-potassium pump carries out a form of active transport—that is, its pumping of ions against their gradients requires the addition of energy from an outside source. That source is adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the principal energy-carrying molecule of the cell.
How are endosomes and lysosomes related?
The primary function of endosomes relates to the transportation of extracellular material into the intracellular domain. Lysosomes, on the other hand, are primarily involved in the degradation of macromolecules. Endosomes and lysosomes interact through two distinct pathways: kiss-and-run and direct fusion.
What is the endosomal lysosomal pathway?
The endosomal-lysosomal system is a series of organelles in the endocytic pathway where various cargo molecules required for normal cellular function are internalized, recycled and modulated.
What part of the cell is responsible for autophagy?
Lysosomes
Lysosomes are also responsible for autophagy, the gradual turnover of the cell’s own components.
How do sodium and potassium travel into and out of cells?
The sodium-potassium pump transports sodium out of and potassium into the cell in a repeating cycle of conformational (shape) changes. In each cycle, three sodium ions exit the cell, while two potassium ions enter.