What is the modulation index of FM?
The FM modulation index is equal to the ratio of the frequency deviation to the modulating frequency.
What is the frequency of modulating signal?
Amplitude Modulation vs Frequency Modulation
Amplitude Modulation (AM) | Frequency Modulation (FM) |
---|---|
The frequency range varies between 535 to 1705 kHz | For FM it is from88 to 108 MHz mainly in the higher spectrum |
Signal distortion can occur in AM | Less instances of signal distortion |
How is FM bandwidth calculated?
The bandwidth of an FM signal is not as straightforward to calculate as that of an AM signal. To take the example of a typical broadcast FM signal that has a deviation of ±75kHz and a maximum modulation frequency of 15 kHz, the bandwidth of 98% of the power approximates to 2 (75 + 15) = 180kHz.
What is the difference between NBFM and WBFM?
When spectrum efficiency is important, Narrowband FM (NBFM) is used but when better signal quality is required, Wideband FM (WBFM) is used at the expense of greater spectrum usage. The term WBFM is used in applications where the modulation index is equal to or larger than 1.
What is carrier frequency IFC?
In essence, IFC modulates a high frequency (4000 Hz) carrier waveform with the same signal produced by a TENS unit. The high frequency carrier waveform penetrates the skin more deeply than a regular TENS unit, with less user discomfort for a given level of stimulation.
What is the frequency range of FM?
The FM broadcast in the United States starts at 88.0 MHz and ends at 108.0 MHz. The band is divided into 100 channels, each 200 kHz (0.2 MHz) wide.
What is the range of FM radio?
How is FM deviation calculated?
f(t) = f0 + ∆f(t) Peak deviation: In the case of frequency modulation, the peak deviation ∆f is the absolute maximum of the difference between the unmodulated carrier frequency (f0) and the instantaneous frequency f(t).
Which is Better TENS or IFC?
TENS delivers low-frequency current across the surface of the skin, while IFC delivers a higher frequency current that penetrates deeper into the tissue with less discomfort.
How does IFT machine work?
IFT machine delivers continuous stimulation deep into the affected tissue. The stimulation blocks the pain and reduces swelling and inflammation which causes pain. It provides deep penetration by using a 4000Hz carrier wave to overcome skin resistance.