What does dimethyl sulfate do?
The major use of dimethyl sulfate is as an alkylating agent. It is used in the manufacture of dyes, pharmaceuticals and perfumes and in the extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons as a solvent. It is also used as a sulfating and sulfonating agent. In World War I, it was used as a war gas.
Is dimethyl sulfate soluble in water?
Dimethyl sulfate is a colorless oily liquid, odorless to a faint onion-like odor. It is very toxic by inhalation. It is a combustible liquid and has a flash point of 182°F. It is slightly soluble in water and decomposed by water to give sulfuric acid with evolution of heat.
How do you quench dimethyl sulfate?
It has been reported that dimethyl sulfate (DMS) can be degraded with sodium hydroxide solution (1 mol/L), sodium carbonate solution (1 mol/L), or ammonium hydroxide solution (1.5 mol/L). This has now been confirmed.
How do you purify dimethyl sulfate?
Traditional methyl-sulfate purification process is all heating under vacuum distillation method, the method due to methyl-sulfate boiling point higher (188 DEG C) and with boiling temperature under start the characteristic of decomposing, thus need intact vacuum system as guarantee, simultaneously, methyl-sulfate also …
Why is dimethyl sulfate toxic?
Acute oral or inhalation exposure to dimethyl sulfate primarily damages the lungs but also injures the liver, kidneys, heart, and central nervous system (CNS), while dermal contact with dimethyl sulfate may produce severe blistering in humans. Human data on the carcinogenic effects of dimethyl sulfate are inadequate.
Is dimethyl sulfate volatile?
Dimethyl sulfate is likely carcinogenic and mutagenic, poisonous, corrosive, environmentally hazardous and volatile (presenting an inhalation hazard).
Which reagent is used for methylation reaction?
Methylations are commonly performed using electrophilic methyl sources such as iodomethane, dimethyl sulfate, dimethyl carbonate, or tetramethylammonium chloride. Less common but more powerful (and more dangerous) methylating reagents include methyl triflate, diazomethane, and methyl fluorosulfonate (magic methyl).
How do you prepare dimethyl sulphate an organic reagent?
Dimethyl sulfate can be synthesized in the laboratory by many different methods, the simplest being the esterification of sulfuric acid with methanol: 2 CH3OH + H2SO4 → (CH3)2SO4 + 2 H2O. Another possible synthesis involves distillation of methyl hydrogen sulfate: 2 CH3HSO4 → H2SO4 + (CH3)2SO.
How does DMSO dissolve?
It is an important polar aprotic solvent that dissolves both polar and nonpolar compounds and is miscible in a wide range of organic solvents as well as water….Dimethyl sulfoxide.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Solubility in water | Miscible |
| Solubility in Diethyl ether | Not soluble |
| Vapor pressure | 0.556 millibars or 0.0556 kPa at 20 °C |
| Acidity (pKa) | 35 |
Does DMSO react with water?
DMSO reacts very rapidly and vigorously with a number of materials, particularly with those that also react rapidly with water. The reactions are highly exothermic, with rapid steam or gas evolution.
Is dimethyl sulfide toxic?
Based on single exposure animal tests, dimethyl sulfide is considered moderately toxic if swallowed, slightly toxic if absorbed through the skin, and slightly toxic if inhaled. The compound has a strong, objectionable odor that can cause nausea, dizziness, or headache.
Is DMS soluble in water?
Dimethyl sulfide appears as a clear colorless to straw colored liquid with a disagreeable odor. Flash point less than 0°F. Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water.
What are methylating agents?
The chemical methylating agents methylmethane sulfonate (MMS) and N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) have been used for decades as classical DNA damaging agents. These agents have been utilized to uncover and explore pathways of DNA repair, DNA damage response, and mutagenesis.
Does methylation increase solubility?
N-methylation of these compounds leads to an increase in lipophilicity, aqueous solubility, polarization, dipole moment and lowering of the cis/trans amide energy barrier (EA).
How is dimethyl sulfate prepared?
Do salts dissolve in DMSO?
DMSO, one of the strongest organic solvents, has been used commercially for over forty years. It is an effective solvent for a wide array of organic materials, including many polymers. DMSO also dissolves many inorganic salts, particularly transition metals nitrates, cyanides and dichromates.
Why is DMSO used as solvent?
DMSO is a laboratory and industrial solvent for many gases, synthetic fibers, paint, hydrocarbons, salts, and natural products. Because it is aprotic, relatively inert, nontoxic, and stable at high temperatures, it is a frequently used solvent for chemical reactions.
How does DMSO work as a solvent?
Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is a colorless organosulfur solvent, which dissolves both polar and non-polar compounds and is miscible in a wide range of organic solvents as well as in water.
What is the formula for dimethyl sulfate?
Dimethyl sulfate. Dimethyl sulfate is a chemical compound with formula (CH 3 O) 2 SO 2. As the diester of methanol and sulfuric acid, its formula is often written as ( CH3) 2SO4 or even Me 2 SO 4, where CH 3 or Me is methyl. Me 2 SO 4 is mainly used as a methylating agent in organic synthesis .
What is the best way to hydrolyze dimethyl sulfate?
Concentrated solutions of bases (ammonia, alkalis) can be used to hydrolyze minor spills and residues on contaminated equipment, but the reaction may become violent with larger amounts of dimethyl sulfate (see ICSC). Although the compound hydrolyses, treatment with water cannot be assumed to decontaminate dimethyl sulfate.
What is the standard state of dimethyl sulfate at different temperatures?
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).?) Dimethyl sulfate is a chemical compound with formula (CH 3 O) 2 SO 2.
How do you make dimethyl sulfate from methyl nitrite?
Another possible synthesis involves distillation of methyl hydrogen sulfate: Methyl nitrite and methyl chlorosulfonate also result in dimethyl sulfate: Me 2 SO 4 has been produced commercially since the 1920s. A common process is the continuous reaction of dimethyl ether with sulfur trioxide.