What is meant by contour bunding?
Contour bunding is a land management practice for marginal, sloping, and hilly land where the soil productivity is very low. It involves the placement of lines of stones along the natural rises of a landscape. This technique helps to capture and hold rainfall before it can become runoff.
Where is contour bunding?
hilly areas
Contour bunding is a method of water conservation mainly carried out in hilly areas. Earthen embankments are built across the slope of the land. This reduces the amount of water that flows down the slope.
How is contour bunding done?
It consists of building earthen embankments across the slope of the land, following the contour as closely as possible. A series of such bunds divide the area into strips and act as barriers to t5he flow of water, thus reducing the amount and velocity of the runoff.
Why is contour bunding important?
Contour bunding technique reduces water runoff and controls soil erosion through ridges covered with perennial grasses such as Andropogon and Vetiver. Farmers use the ridges for crop production.
How do bunds work?
Bunds (also called teras) are small barriers to runoff coming from external catchments (and possibly to a field where crops are to be grown). Bunds slow down water sheet flow on the ground surface and encourage infiltration (groundwater recharge) and soil moisture. There are different types of bunds.
What is terracing and contour bunding?
Terraces usually follow the contour lines of a terrain and might have a gentle slope to allow dewatering. Contour bunds and contour trenches prevent soil erosion by intercepting surface water runoff. They are constructed along lines of equal elevation (contour lines) at a right angle to the slope of a plot of land.
How does contour bunding prevent soil erosion?
Contour bunding involves laying points of equal elevation along the contour of a sloping field and then constructing a bund, or barrier, along the contour. It is aimed at reducing run-off and increasing water filtration to reduce soil erosion and nutrient loss.
What is contour planning?
Contour plans are a graphical representation of the lay of the land. They show the degree of slope on a site. They typically relate back to a site datum. referred to as a TBM (temporary benchmark) and may also relate to AHD (Australian height datum).
Which soil is suitable for contour bunding?
Light soil
| Bunding options | Soil type | Slope (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Contour bund | Light soil | >1.5 |
| Graded bund | All soils | 1.5 |
| Bench terraces | Deep soil | 6.0 |
| Graded boarder strip | Deep Alfisol and related red soil | >1.5 |
What are the uses of contour bunds?
Contour bunding (or contour bundling), which involves the placement of lines of stones along the natural rises of a landscape, and contour farming. These techniques help to capture and hold rainfall before it can become runoff. They also inhibit wind erosion by keeping the soil…
What is contour bund in agriculture?
Contour bunding (or contour bundling), which involves the placement of lines of stones along the natural rises of a landscape, and contour farming. These techniques help to capture and hold rainfall before it can become runoff.
What are the advantages of contour farming?
Conservation Choices: Contour Farming
- Contour farming can reduce soil erosion by as much as 50 percent compared to up and down hill farming.
- By reducing sediment and runoff and increasing water infiltration, contouring promotes better water quality.
In which reason is the method of making contour bunds used for soil conservation?
Answer. Answer: IN MOUNTAINOUS REGION THE METHOD OF CONTOUR BUNDS ARE USED FOR SOIL CONSERVATION .
What is the use of contour?
Contouring is a technique for sculpting and adding dimension to your face by using makeup that is slightly darker or lighter than your actual skin color. Unlike everyday foundation and concealer, which we typically want to match our skin exactly, contouring is all about creating the effect of shadow and light.
What are the types of bunds?
There exist two main types of bunds: contour bunds (contour ridges) and semi-circular bunds. The choice of the type of bund depends on the local ground conditions.
How contour bunding prevent soil erosion?
What is the purpose of bund?
A bund is an embankment or wall of brick, stone, concrete or other impervious material, which forms the perimeter and floor of a compound and provides a barrier to retain liquid. Since the bund is the main part of a spill containment system, the whole system (or bunded area) is colloquially referred to as the ‘bund’.
What is contour bunding and how does it work?
Contour bunding is a proven sustainable land management practice for marginal, sloping, and hilly land where the soil productivity is very low. It is widely adopted by the ethnic minorities of Nepal who practice the shifting cultivation system of farming.
What is a contour line of a function?
A contour line (also isoline, isopleth, or isarithm) of a function of two variables is a curve along which the function has a constant value, so that the curve joins points of equal value.
What is the definition of a contour curve?
A contour is a directed curve which is made up of a finite sequence of directed smooth curves whose endpoints are matched to give a single direction. This requires that the sequence of curves γ1, …, γn be such that the terminal point of γi coincides with the initial point of γi+1, ∀ i, 1 ≤ i < n.
What is contour integration?
Contours are the class of curves on which we define contour integration. A contour is a directed curve which is made up of a finite sequence of directed smooth curves whose endpoints are matched to give a single direction.